THE RELATION OF RELIGION AND POLITICS IN THE CASE OF MESOPOTAMIA.

The aspect of religion and politic played very important roles in ancients civilisation. There are three natures of relationship between these two which can be classified as identical where it did not clearly define the authority, roles of religion and the society, the second nature is separation where it usually known as secularism where human are the ultimate source and sole of reference and the third nature of these relationship is balance, where the roles of religion and society are clearly define and given its due, the political elite plays as the administrator and did not claimed as someone as divine.

In the case of Mesopotamia we could classify the nature of relation ship of religion and politic as Identical at the first stage where the temple community ruled the society. Temple community that combine both political and religious authority in the Sumerian society where it manipulate the religious factor to claim the right of authority for submission from the people as ruler. Temple community claimed that they was the chosen people from god to govern the society and to determine everything, what is right and wrong for the society.

In this sense, the roles of religion and politics, are manipulated and not clearly define thus makes the Mesopotamian Civilisation as Identical. Later after the emerged of monarch, which replace the authority of temple community, Sumerian society became a secular society which separate politics and religion. Temple community became temple which only served the aspect of spiritual in the society. Religious did not possess any authority in political aspect. The monarchy has the absolute authority over the people.

The monarch start to expand their authority and territory where they conquered other monarch including Akkadian, Urf and Babylion. It later became a huge empire that ruled by one authority name Hammurabbi. This emergence of empire developed a new concept that very much Humanocentric, called Great Society that focused on human factor that determine everything. Trade, Rule of Law, System of Society, Governance, and communication was only based on human factor and the roles of god and religion is absence and rejected.

In answering the question why, it is due to the negligence of guidance in defining the roles of religion and politics and t understand the concept of creation. Politics and religion could easily manipulated and misused to gained the authoritative power. Temple community they regard themselves as the divinely chosen by god as god mediator where it posses the power to determine what is god will. On the other hand, monarch possess that ultimate human authority that reject religion in governing the state.

Based on this matter we could conclude that Mesopotamian civilisation is a Transcendental in political approach where it used Identical and Separation in nature.